Liberals and Conservatives See Different Victims: Moral Disagreement Is Explained by Different Assumptions of Vulnerability

all forms of judgment—including moral judgment—is a process of categorization (McHugh et al., 2022). When people wonder whether an act is immoral, they are questioning how well it belongs in the category of “immorality.” For 50 years, we have known that categorization judgments involve the process of template comparison, where our minds compare a potential example to an underlying mental template—also called a concept, prototype, or schema (Rosch, 1978). The closer the match between the example and the template, the more it is judged as belonging to that category (Murphy, 2004). With morality, the more an act matches our template of the concept “immorality” the more it is judged as “immoral.”
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